SQL Server 数据库添加AlwaysOn高可用自定义登陆用户的方法
2021-12-01 23:09:17

--花了点时间搜罗了网上的相关文章，然后作了简单汇总，以方便查阅

--1、在主库上建立用户并查询出SID,用于辅库上创建同步用户


use tsdb
GO
select [sid] from sys.syslogins where name='user'
GO
use master
select [sid] from sys.syslogins where name='user'

或
SELECT * FROM [dbName]..sysusers



--2、在辅库上创建同步用户，使用主库用户的SID,以继承访问许可
CREATE LOGIN [user] WITH PASSWORD = 'password',
SID = 0x00000000000000000000000000000000,		--从上面的查询从获取
DEFAULT_DATABASE = [tsdb],				--默认数据库
CHECK_EXPIRATION = OFF,					--强制密码过期 关闭
CHECK_POLICY = OFF					--强制密码策略 关闭


--网上传的两位大神的脚本和导出语句，原本不改罗列如下，
--方法一 
--先在主库创建好用户，并用以下脚本创建2个存储过程（sp_help_revlogin和sp_hexadecimal）
--然后执行sp_help_revlogin存储过程，在结果里找到所需创建用户的语句并复制该语句到副库执行以创建同步用户

1.在主服务器添加自定义登陆用户，比如TestUser

2.在主服务器执行如下SQL，在master数据库创建存储过程sp_hexadecimal，sp_help_revlogin

3.执行sp_help_revlogin存储过程，在得到的结果文本里，找到TestUser相关的那条创建用户的脚本。

4.复制该脚本至其他副本数据库执行

USE master
GO
IF OBJECT_ID ('sp_hexadecimal') IS NOT NULL
  DROP PROCEDURE sp_hexadecimal
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_hexadecimal
    @binvalue varbinary(256),
    @hexvalue varchar (514) OUTPUT
AS
DECLARE @charvalue varchar (514)
DECLARE @i int
DECLARE @length int
DECLARE @hexstring char(16)
SELECT @charvalue = '0x'
SELECT @i = 1
SELECT @length = DATALENGTH (@binvalue)
SELECT @hexstring = '0123456789ABCDEF'
WHILE (@i <= @length)
BEGIN
  DECLARE @tempint int
  DECLARE @firstint int
  DECLARE @secondint int
  SELECT @tempint = CONVERT(int, SUBSTRING(@binvalue,@i,1))
  SELECT @firstint = FLOOR(@tempint/16)
  SELECT @secondint = @tempint - (@firstint*16)
  SELECT @charvalue = @charvalue +
    SUBSTRING(@hexstring, @firstint+1, 1) +
    SUBSTRING(@hexstring, @secondint+1, 1)
  SELECT @i = @i + 1
END

SELECT @hexvalue = @charvalue
GO
 
IF OBJECT_ID ('sp_help_revlogin') IS NOT NULL
  DROP PROCEDURE sp_help_revlogin
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_help_revlogin @login_name sysname = NULL AS
DECLARE @name sysname
DECLARE @type varchar (1)
DECLARE @hasaccess int
DECLARE @denylogin int
DECLARE @is_disabled int
DECLARE @PWD_varbinary  varbinary (256)
DECLARE @PWD_string  varchar (514)
DECLARE @SID_varbinary varbinary (85)
DECLARE @SID_string varchar (514)
DECLARE @tmpstr  varchar (1024)
DECLARE @is_policy_checked varchar (3)
DECLARE @is_expiration_checked varchar (3)

DECLARE @defaultdb sysname
 
IF (@login_name IS NULL)
  DECLARE login_curs CURSOR FOR

      SELECT p.sid, p.name, p.type, p.is_disabled, p.default_database_name, l.hasaccess, l.denylogin FROM 
sys.server_principals p LEFT JOIN sys.syslogins l
      ON ( l.name = p.name ) WHERE p.type IN ( 'S', 'G', 'U' ) AND p.name <> 'sa'
ELSE
  DECLARE login_curs CURSOR FOR
      SELECT p.sid, p.name, p.type, p.is_disabled, p.default_database_name, l.hasaccess, l.denylogin FROM 
sys.server_principals p LEFT JOIN sys.syslogins l
      ON ( l.name = p.name ) WHERE p.type IN ( 'S', 'G', 'U' ) AND p.name = @login_name
OPEN login_curs

FETCH NEXT FROM login_curs INTO @SID_varbinary, @name, @type, @is_disabled, @defaultdb, @hasaccess, @denylogin
IF (@@fetch_status = -1)
BEGIN
  PRINT 'No login(s) found.'
  CLOSE login_curs
  DEALLOCATE login_curs
  RETURN -1
END
SET @tmpstr = '/* sp_help_revlogin script '
PRINT @tmpstr
SET @tmpstr = '** Generated ' + CONVERT (varchar, GETDATE()) + ' on ' + @@SERVERNAME + ' */'
PRINT @tmpstr
PRINT ''
WHILE (@@fetch_status <> -1)
BEGIN
  IF (@@fetch_status <> -2)
  BEGIN
    PRINT ''
    SET @tmpstr = '-- Login: ' + @name
    PRINT @tmpstr
    IF (@type IN ( 'G', 'U'))
    BEGIN -- NT authenticated account/group

      SET @tmpstr = 'CREATE LOGIN ' + QUOTENAME( @name ) + ' FROM WINDOWS WITH DEFAULT_DATABASE = [' + @defaultdb + ']'
    END
    ELSE BEGIN -- SQL Server authentication
        -- obtain password and sid
            SET @PWD_varbinary = CAST( LOGINPROPERTY( @name, 'PasswordHash' ) AS varbinary (256) )
        EXEC sp_hexadecimal @PWD_varbinary, @PWD_string OUT
        EXEC sp_hexadecimal @SID_varbinary,@SID_string OUT
 
        -- obtain password policy state
        SELECT @is_policy_checked = CASE is_policy_checked WHEN 1 THEN 'ON' WHEN 0 THEN 'OFF' ELSE NULL END FROM sys.sql_logins WHERE name = @name
        SELECT @is_expiration_checked = CASE is_expiration_checked WHEN 1 THEN 'ON' WHEN 0 THEN 'OFF' ELSE NULL END FROM sys.sql_logins WHERE name = @name
 
            SET @tmpstr = 'CREATE LOGIN ' + QUOTENAME( @name ) + ' WITH PASSWORD = ' + @PWD_string + ' HASHED, SID = ' + @SID_string + ', DEFAULT_DATABASE = [' + @defaultdb + ']'

        IF ( @is_policy_checked IS NOT NULL )
        BEGIN
          SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + ', CHECK_POLICY = ' + @is_policy_checked
        END
        IF ( @is_expiration_checked IS NOT NULL )
        BEGIN
          SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + ', CHECK_EXPIRATION = ' + @is_expiration_checked
        END
    END
    IF (@denylogin = 1)
    BEGIN -- login is denied access
      SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + '; DENY CONNECT SQL TO ' + QUOTENAME( @name )
    END
    ELSE IF (@hasaccess = 0)
    BEGIN -- login exists but does not have access
      SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + '; REVOKE CONNECT SQL TO ' + QUOTENAME( @name )
    END
    IF (@is_disabled = 1)
    BEGIN -- login is disabled
      SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + '; ALTER LOGIN ' + QUOTENAME( @name ) + ' DISABLE'
    END
    PRINT @tmpstr
  END

  FETCH NEXT FROM login_curs INTO @SID_varbinary, @name, @type, @is_disabled, @defaultdb, @hasaccess, @denylogin
   END
CLOSE login_curs
DEALLOCATE login_curs
RETURN 0
GO

--方法二
--导出登录脚本  注：可用于 alwayson 辅助副本同步密码或者服务器迁移。
--先在主库创建好用户，使用以下语句查询出创建用户的语名，在执行结果中找到所需创建用户的语句并复制该语句到副库执行以创建同步用户
USE master
GO
SELECT  'CREATE LOGIN [' + p.name + '] '
       + CASE WHEN p.type IN ( 'U', 'G' ) THEN 'FROM windows '
              ELSE ''
         END + 'WITH ' + CASE WHEN p.type = 'S'
                              THEN 'password = '
                                   + master.sys.fn_varbintohexstr(l.password_hash)
                                   + ' hashed, ' + 'sid = '
                                   + master.sys.fn_varbintohexstr(l.sid)
                                   + ', check_expiration = '
                                   + CASE WHEN l.is_expiration_checked > 0
                                          THEN 'ON, '
                                          ELSE 'OFF, '
                                     END + 'check_policy = '
                                   + CASE WHEN l.is_policy_checked > 0
                                          THEN 'ON, '
                                          ELSE 'OFF, '
                                     END
                                   + CASE WHEN l.credential_id > 0
                                          THEN 'credential = ' + c.name
                                               + ', '
                                          ELSE ''
                                     END
                              ELSE ''
                         END + 'default_database = '
       + p.default_database_name
       + CASE WHEN LEN(p.default_language_name) > 0
              THEN ', default_language = ' + p.default_language_name
              ELSE ''
         END
FROM    sys.server_principals p
       LEFT JOIN sys.sql_logins l
       ON p.principal_id = l.principal_id
       LEFT JOIN sys.credentials c
       ON l.credential_id = c.credential_id
WHERE   p.type IN ( 'S', 'U', 'G' )
       AND p.name NOT IN ( 'sa')
               AND p.name NOT LIKE '%##%'
               AND p.name NOT LIKE '%NT SERVICE%'
               AND p.name NOT LIKE '%NT AUTHORITY%'

--三人行，必有吾师 
--这是底线，感谢查阅。