How to install Oracle 12c R2 in openSUSE 12

This tutorial will explain how to install Oracle Database 12c R2 in openSUSE 12.

Requirements

You will need the following:

openSUSE 12（Leap 42.3 ）-> Install openSUSE virtual machine with VirtualBox
Oracle 12c R2 database installation file -> linuxx64_12201_database.zip

Steps

Install libraries

According to Supported SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 in Oracle documentation, install the following libraries by using YaST or zypper command:

bc
binutils-2.24-2.165.x86_64
gcc-c++-32bit-4.8-6.189.x86_64
gcc-c++-4.8-6.189.x86_64
gcc48-c++-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
gcc-32bit-4.8-6.189.x86_64
gcc-4.8-6.189.x86_64
gcc-info-4.8-6.189.x86_64
gcc-locale-4.8-6.189.x86_64
gcc48-32bit-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
gcc48-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
gcc48-info-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.noarch
gcc48-locale-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
glibc-2.19-17.72.x86_64
glibc-devel-2.19-17.72.x86_64
libaio-devel-0.3.109-17.15.x86_64
libaio1-0.3.109-17.15.x86_64
libaio1-32bit-0.3.109-17.15.x86_64
libgfortran3-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
libX11-6-1.6.2-4.12.x86_64
libX11-6-32bit-1.6.2-4.12.x86_64
libXau6-1.0.8-4.58.x86_64
libXau6-32bit-1.0.8-4.58.x86_64
libXtst6-1.2.2-3.60.x86_64
libXtst6-32bit-1.2.1-2.4.1.x86_64
libcap-ng-utils-0.7.3-4.125.x86_64
libcap-ng0-0.7.3-4.125.x86_64
libcap-ng0-32bit-0.7.3-4.125.x86_64
libcap-progs-2.22-11.709.x86_64
libcap1-1.10-59.61.x86_64
libcap1-32bit-1.10-59.61.x86_64
libcap2-2.22-11.709.x86_64
libcap2-32bit-2.22-11.709.x86_64
libgcc_s1-32bit-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
libgcc_s1-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
libpcap1-1.5.3-2.18.x86_64
libstdc++6-32bit-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
libstdc++6-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
make-4.0-2.107.x86_64
mksh-50-2.13.x86_64
net-tools-1.60-764.185.x86_64 (for Oracle RAC and Oracle Clusterware)
nfs-kernel-server-1.3.0-6.9.x86_64 (for Oracle ACFS)
smartmontools-6.2-4.33.x86_64
sysstat-8.1.5-7.32.1.x86_64
xorg-x11-libs-7.6-45.14

Additional software requirements:

unixODBC-2.2.12
unixODBC-devel-2.2.12
unixODBC-32bit-2.2.12 (32-bit)

Set hostname and domain

Files /etc/hostname and /etc/hosts will be modified to resolve the following:

Hostname -> oracle12cr2
Domain -> dalanzg.com

More information in Setting hostname and domain in openSUSE.

dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> hostname
oracle12cr2
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> hostname --fqdn
oracle12cr2.dalanzg.com

Create groups and users

Create oinstall, dba and oper groups.

dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo groupadd oinstall
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo groupadd dba
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo groupadd oper

Create oracle user, and add it to oinstall as primary group, and dba and oper groups.

dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper -d /home/oracle oracle
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo passwd oracle
New password:
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo mkhomedir_helper oracle

Modify .bash_profile for oracle user.

dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo su - oracle
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> vim .profile

export TMP=/tmp

export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle12cr2.dalanzg.com
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;

Grant oracle user access to X server

Verify if access control for X server is enabled, and grant oracle user access.

dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> xhost
access control enabled, only authorized clients can connect
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> xhost +SI:localuser:oracle
localuser:oracle being added to access control list
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> xhost
access control enabled, only authorized clients can connect
SI:localuser:oracle

Verify that oracle user can run X11 apps. In this case, use xclock app to check it out. Install it by using YaST or zypper command in case of not having it.

First, set $DISPLAY variable, and run xclock with oracle user. If the app was launched, oracle user can run X11 apps.

dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo su - oracle
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> xclock

xclock app with oracle user

Configuring Kernel Parameters and Resource Limits

Add the following Kernel parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf file.

oracle@oracle12cr2:~> sudo vim /etc/sysctl.conf

####
#
# /etc/sysctl.conf is meant for local sysctl settings
#
# sysctl reads settings from the following locations:
#   /boot/sysctl.conf-<kernelversion>
#   /lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
#   /usr/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
#   /usr/local/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
#   /etc/sysctl.d/*.conf
#   /run/sysctl.d/*.conf
#   /etc/sysctl.conf
#
# To disable or override a distribution provided file just place a
# file with the same name in /etc/sysctl.d/
#
# See sysctl.conf(5), sysctl.d(5) and sysctl(8) for more information
#
####

#Oracle
fs.suid_dumpable = 1
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

And load them by running the following command:

oracle@oracle12cr2:~> sudo sysctl -p
fs.suid_dumpable = 1
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152    //根据实际情况修改
kernel.shmmax = 536870912  //根据实际情况修改
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

Next, set the resource limits in /etc/security/limits.conf file.

oracle@oracle12cr2:~> sudo vim /etc/security/limits.conf

#...
# harden against fork-bombs
*               hard    nproc           16384
*               soft    nproc           4096

# End of file

#Oracle
oracle  soft    nproc   2047
oracle  hard    nproc   16384
oracle  soft    nofile  1024
oracle  hard    nofile  65536
oracle  soft    stack   10240
oracle hard     stack  32768

And add the following in /etc/pam.d/login file.

oracle@oracle12cr2:~> sudo vim /etc/pam.d/login

#%PAM-1.0
auth     requisite      pam_nologin.so
auth     include        common-auth
account  include        common-account
password include        common-password
session  required       pam_loginuid.so
session  include        common-session
#session  optional       pam_lastlog.so nowtmp showfailed
session  optional       pam_mail.so standard

#Oracle
session    required     pam_limits.so

Create directory for Oracle Database

Create the directory for Oracle Software and set permission for oracle user and oinstall group.

dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

Install Oracle Database

Unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip file. Then, set DISPLAY variable if it was not done before (DISPLAY=:0.0), and run the installer.

oracle@oracle12cr2:~> unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY
oracle@oracle12cr2:~/database> ./runInstaller
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 500 MB.   Actual 51372 MB    Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 2053 MB    Passed
Checking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors.    Actual 16777216    Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2018-03-02_08-30-43PM. Please wait ...

A GUI will be launched with a warning, since Oracle Database does not support openSUSE. Ignore it and continue.

Warning about Oracle Database does not support openSUSE

Configure Security Updates if you have an oracle emails support. If not, leave it empty, and ignore the warning.

Configure Security SupportIgnore email address for support

Install database software.

Install database software

Select single instance database.

Single instance database

Select Enterprise Edition

Oracle base and Oracle home is read from ORACLE_BASE and ORACLE_HOME variables. Click next.

Oracle base and home path

Inventory directory and group name by default.

Inventory directory and group name

Administrator and operator group names by default.

Administrator and operator group names

Summary and click Install.

Summary of installation

The installation process will started.

Progress of installation

While the installation process, you will be asked to execute configuration scripts with root user. Login with root user and execute them.

Execute configuration scripts

dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo su
[sudo] password for root:
oracle12cr2:/home/dlanza # /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
oracle12cr2:/home/dlanza # /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/root.sh
Performing root user operation.

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...


Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Do you want to setup Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA) now ? yes|[no] :
yes
Installing Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA).
Log File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/install/root_oracle12cr2_2018-03-02_21-04-58-795554185.log
Finished installing Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA)

Then, press OK and continue.

The installation of Oracle Database was successful.

Finish Finish

Configuration of Oracle Listener

Run the command netca with oracle user to launch the configuration of Oracle Listener.

oracle@oracle12cr2:~> DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> netca

Oracle Net Services Configuration:

A GUI will be launched. Select Listener Configuration and click on Next.

Oracle Net Services Configuration

Add a new listener.

Add a new listener

Listener names and protocols by default.

Listener nameListener protocols

Listener port by default.

Listener port

And select no more listeners.

No more listeners

Listener configuration complete.

No more listeners

Configuring Listener:LISTENER
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
    Running Listener Control:
      /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
    Listener Control complete.
    Listener started successfully.

Finish and exit.

Finish listener

Configuration of Oracle Database

Run the command dbca with oracle user to launch the configuration of Oracle Database.

oracle@oracle12cr2:~> DISPLAY=:0.0: export DISPLAY
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> dbca

Create database.

Create database

Typical configuration of database. Type the Global Database Name. Be in mind that it will be the SID followed by the domain (orcl.dalanzg.com)

Typical configuration of database

Summary of creation database.

Summary of creation database

Progress of creation database.

Progress of creation database

Finish of creation database.

Finish of creation database

Change password of SYSTEM and SYS users in Password management.

Password management

Verify connection to the database with the client sqlplus.

oracle@oracle12cr2:~> sqlplus

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Mar 3 16:25:56 2018

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Enter user-name: sys / as sysdba
Enter password:

Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

Create user for database

Connect again with sqlplus. Create a user for the database and grant privileges to create session and to create tables.

oracle@oracle12cr2:~> sqlplus

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Mar 3 16:25:56 2018

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Enter user-name: sys / as sysdba
Enter password:

Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> CREATE USER dalanzg
  2  identified by dalanzg
  3  default tablespace users
  4  temporary tablespace temp
  5  quota 20m on users
  6  profile default;

User created.

SQL> GRANT CREATE SESSION TO dalanzg;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> GRANT RESOURCE TO dalanzg;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> conn dalanzg/dalanzg@orcl
Connected.

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

Create table for database

Create a table with the user created, and insert values.

oracle@oracle12cr2:~> sqlplus
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Mar 3 16:25:56 2018

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Enter user-name: dalanzg
Enter password:

Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> CREATE TABLE Test
  2  (
  3  ID_Test number(10) NOT NULL,
  4  DESC_Test varchar(32),
  5  CONSTRAINT Test_pk PRIMARY KEY (ID_Test)
  6  );

Table created.

SQL> INSERT INTO Test
  2  (ID_Test, DESC_Test)
  3  VALUES
  4  (1, 'This is a test');

1 row created.

SQL> SELECT * FROM Test;

   ID_TEST DESC_TEST
---------- --------------------------------
         1 This is a test

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

Connect to Oracle database with SQL Developer

Launch SQL Developer, type connection details and look for the table created before.

SQL Developer connectionTable data in SQL Developer

Start database when server is restarted

If the machine was restarted, the listener and the database need to be started.

Start the listener with the following command:

oracle@oracle12cr2:~> lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 04-MAR-2018 12:08:29

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle12cr2/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle12cr2.dalanzg.com)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=oracle12cr2.dalanzg.com)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                04-MAR-2018 12:08:31
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 1 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle12cr2/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle12cr2.dalanzg.com)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

And start the Database.

oracle@oracle12cr2:~> sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Mar 4 12:15:12 2018

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1660944384 bytes
Fixed Size                  8621376 bytes
Variable Size            1056965312 bytes
Database Buffers          587202560 bytes
Redo Buffers                8155136 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

附录：ORACLE12c静默安装应答文件

https://files-cdn.cnblogs.com/files/lkj371/12C_12.2.0.1_db.zip
引用：
How to install Oracle 12c R2 in openSUSE (dalanzg.github.io)

本文摘自：https://www.cnblogs.com/

How to install Oracle 12c R2 in openSUSE 122021-09-13 15:35:46