1肝liver2胆囊guts3结肠右曲rightcolicflexure4横结肠transversecolon5膈diaphragm6胃stomach7大网膜greateromentum[临床解剖学要点]以横结肠及其系膜为界将腹膜腔分为结肠上区和结肠下区。结肠上区为膈与横结肠及其系膜之间的区域,内有肝、胆囊、...[继续阅读]

    1横结肠transversecolon2空肠jejunum3盲肠cecum4结肠左曲leftcolicflexure5降结肠descendingcolon6乙状结肠sigmoid7回肠ileum[临床解剖学要点]结肠下区为横结肠及其系膜与盆底上面之间的区域,内有空肠以下消化管和盆内各器官。该区以肠系膜根和升、...[继续阅读]

    1肋弓costalarch2肝liver3壁腹膜parietalperitoneum4剑突xiphoid[临床解剖学要点]腹膜由间皮及少量结缔组织构成,薄而光滑,半透明,衬于腹壁和盆壁内面的部分称壁腹膜,覆盖于腹、盆腔器官表面的部分称脏腹膜,壁、脏腹膜围成的潜在间隙称腹...[继续阅读]

    1肋弓costalarch2大网膜greateromentum3升结肠ascendingcolon4盲肠cecum5回肠ileum6胃stomach7横结肠(大网膜覆盖)transversecolon8降结肠descendingcolon[临床解剖学要点]大网膜自胃大弯下垂,遮盖横结肠和小肠。长度因人而异,男性的大网膜为12～36cm,女性的...[继续阅读]

    1结肠右曲rightcolicflexure2升结肠ascendingcolon3盲肠cecum4阑尾appendix5结肠左曲leftcolicflexure6横结肠transversecolon7降结肠descendingcolon8乙状结肠sigmoid[临床解剖学要点]结肠可用于膀胱扩大术或替代术,也可用于尿流输出道。结肠的特征性结构为...[继续阅读]

    (1)回盲部形态(冠状切面)1升结肠ascendingcolon2回盲瓣ileocecalvalve3盲肠cecum4回肠ileum5回盲口ileocecalorifice6阑尾appendix(2)回盲口黏膜(内镜观)(3)阑尾开口(内镜观)(4)结肠黏膜(内镜观)[临床解剖学要点]采用盲肠作贮尿囊,原位阑尾作输出道的可...[继续阅读]

    (1)直肠黏膜的特点1直肠壶腹rectalampulla2肛柱rectalcolumn3肛窦analsinus4肛瓣analvalves5直肠横襞transversefoldsofrectum6肛提肌levatoranim.7肛门内括约肌sphincteraniinternus8肛门外括约肌sphincteraniexternal(2)内镜下黏膜形态[临床解剖学要点]直肠长10～14...[继续阅读]

    1肛柱rectalcolumn2肛门外括约肌深部deepportionofsphincteraniexternusmuscle3肛门外括约肌浅部superficialportionofsphincteraniexternusmuscie4肛门外括约肌皮下部subcutaneousportionofsphincteraniexternusmuscle5痔hemorrhoid6肛门内括约肌sphincteraniinternal7肛瓣analvalves[临...[继续阅读]

    1十二指肠上部superiorportionofduodenum2十二指肠降部descendingportionofduodenum3胰头headofpancreas4十二指肠水平部horizontalportionofduodenum5胰颈neckofpancreas6胰体bodyofpancreas7胰尾tallofpancreas8十二指肠空肠曲duodenojejunalflexure9十二指肠升部ascendingportion...[继续阅读]

    (1)胆胰管开口(内镜观)1十二指肠大乳头majorduodenalpapilla2十二指肠纵襞longitudinalfoldofduodenum3环状襞circularfold(2)胰管(铸型)...[继续阅读]