Having a tendency to release a pro-ton or to accept an electron pair from a do-nor. In aqueous solutions the pH is a meas-ure of the acidity,i.e.an acidic solution isone in which the concentration of H3O+ex-ceeds that in pure water at the same tem-peratur...[继续阅读]

    A hydrogen atom in amolecule that enters into a dissociation e-quilibrium when the molecule is dissolvedin a solvent. For example,in ethanoic acid(CH3COOH)the acidic hydrogen is the oneon the carboxyl group,—COOH.当分子溶于溶剂时,分子中参与解离平衡的氢原子。例如,在醋酸(CH...[继续阅读]

    An oxide of a nonmetal thatreacts with water to produce an acid orwith a base to produce a salt and water.Forexample,sulfur(Ⅵ) oxide ( sulfur trioxide)reacts with water to form sulfuric(Ⅵ)acid:SO3 +H2O →H2SO4and with sodium hydroxide to produce so-dium su...[继续阅读]

    Volumetric analysis or acid-base titration in which a standard solutionof an acid is added to the.unknown (base)solution plus the indicator. Alkalimetry isthe converse,i.e. the base is in the buret.在指示剂存在的情况下,将标准酸加入含指示剂的未知(碱)溶液的容量分析法或酸...[继续阅读]

    See dissociation constant.参阅dissociation constant。...[继续阅读]

    See pollution.参阅pollution。...[继续阅读]

    A salt in which thereis only partial replacement of the acidic hy-drogen of an acid by metal or other cations.For polybasic acids the formulae are of thetype NaHSO4 (sodium hydrogensulfate)and Na3 H(CO3)2 · 2H2O(sodium sesqui-carbonate). For monobasic aci...[继续阅读]

    A measure of the free acidpresent in fats,oils,resins,plasticizers,andsolvents,defined as the number of milligrams 1 of potassium hydroxide required toneutralize the free acids in one gram of thesubstance.是脂肪、树脂、塑料和溶剂中游离酸的量度,定义为中和1g物质中的游离酸所...[继续阅读]

    A synthetic fiberthat consists of a copolymer of 1-cya-noethene (acrylonitrile,vinyl cyanide) andethenyl ethanoate (vinyl acetate). 由1-腈基乙烯(丙烯腈,乙烯基腈)和乙烯基乙基酯(乙烯基乙酸酯)的共聚物组成的合成纤维。...[继续阅读]

    See propenal.参阅propenal。...[继续阅读]