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Definition:The geologic age of a fossil,or a geologic event or structure expressed in units oftime,usually years,also known as actual age.绝对年龄jué duì nián líng化石、岩石等地质体的地质年龄,通常采用同位素测年方法获得,故也称为“同位素年龄”。本名词与“...[继续阅读]
Definition:The development of many different forms from an originally homogeneous groupof organisms as they fill different ecological niches.适应性辐射shì yìng xìng fú shè指单一世系成员的演化趋异和大规模多样化,并因此而占据了一系列不同的生态位的现象。Ex...[继续阅读]
Definition:Allen’s rule is a biological rule posited by Joel Asaph Allen in 1877. It states thatendotherms from colder climates usually have shorter limbs (or appendages) than the equivalentanimals from warmer climates.艾伦法则ài lún fǎ zé由乔尔·阿萨夫·艾伦于1877年提出的一...[继续阅读]
Definition:异域成种yì yù chéng zhǒng发生在两个异地居群中的成种过程,因地理隔离导致两者间生殖隔离机制的形成。与“地理成种”同义,但有人认为,“异域成种”可分为“边域成种”和“隔离分化成种”,后者与“地理成种”同义。...[继续阅读]
Definition: Alpha taxonomy (or sometimes simply taxonomy)is the science of finding,describing and categorizing organisms,thus leading to the recognition of proposed taxonomicgroups,or taxa (sing.:taxon),which may then be named.α分类学涉及种级分类单元的识别、鉴定、记述和命名。...[继续阅读]
Definition: The alternation of the generations (or alternation of phases)describes the lifecycle of plants,fungi and protists.世代交替shì dài jiāo tì指植物、菌类、原生生物的生命周期。Example:They show a heteromorphic alternation of generations,the gametophyte egging the domin...[继续阅读]
Definition:时错相shí cuò xiàng某些沉积相类型,如叠层石和极薄的风暴层等,一般仅限于寒武纪以前的正常浅海环境,但在大灭绝后的残存期,它们往往在正常浅海环境短暂地“复辟”,被称为“时代上错位的相”。anachronistic: erroneous in d...[继续阅读]
Definition: Anagenesis,also known as “phyletic change,”is the evolution of speciesinvolving an entire population rather than a branching event,as in cladogenesis.前进演化qiánjìn yǎn huà指在单支种级谱系内所发生的演化变化,无成种作用发生。...[继续阅读]
Definition: A novel evolutionary trait that is unique to a particular species and all itsdescendants,which can be used as a defining character for a species or group in phylogeneticterms.衍征yǎn zhēng同源特征中出现的相对较晚者,由祖征派生而来。也译作“近裔性状”,参见“...[继续阅读]
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