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1.BartterT,SantarelliR,AkersSM.Theevaluationofpleuraleffusion.Chest,1994,106:1209～12142.EibenbergerKL,DockWI,AmmannME.Quantificationofpleuraleffusions:sonographyversusradiography.Radiology,1994,191:681～6843.EstenneM,YernaultJC,DeTroyerA.Mechanismsofrelief...[继续阅读]
1.蒋耀光等主编.创伤医学丛书·胸部创伤,62.美D.C.萨比斯顿主编,曾宪九等译.克氏外科学(上册).9413.R.T.Villavicencio,J.A.Aucar,M.J.Wall,Jr.AnalysisofthoracoscopyintraumaSurgEndosc,1999,13:3～94.saule.Unfallchirurg,1998,101:619～6275.DajczmanE,GordenA,KreismanH,WolkoveN....[继续阅读]
1.AndrewsNC,ParkerEF,ShawRR,WilsonNJ,WebbWR.Managementofnontuberculousempyema:astatementofthesubcommitteeonsurgery.AmRevRespirDis,1962,85:935～9362.MayoP.Earlythoracotomyanddecorticationfornon-tuberculousempyemainadultswithandwithoutunderlyingdisease:atwen...[继续阅读]
1.AmericanThoracicSociety.Standardsforthediagnosisandcareofpatientswithchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease.AmJRespirCritCareMed,1995,152:77～1202.HubmayrRD,RodarteJR.Cellulareffectsandphysiologicresponses:lungmechanics.In:ChemiackNS,ed.ChronicObstructivePul...[继续阅读]
1概述肺移植是治疗终末期肺疾病的有效方法。目前,在欧美国家,肺移植已经成为较为成熟的技术,例如在美国,每年都施行超过500例的肺移植手术。尽管这样,肺移植也如其他许多技术的发展一样,几经周折,峰回路转。以下是肺移植发展...[继续阅读]
1概述对术前CT或胸片提示双侧胸腔都有病变的病例,以往一般都是用正中切口或双侧后外侧切口的术式解决,但难度较大或位置不理想或心肺功能略有缺陷的病例,这种术式因为创伤过大而难以进行。胸腔镜技术及微创切口入路因创伤...[继续阅读]
1概述小肺癌发生在段支气管以上,称为中央型肺癌,经常由于临床上有咳血痰、咳嗽而引起临床医师注意,进行检查。早期中央型肺癌局限于支气管内,胸片检查无明显阳性发现,即使出现阻塞性肺炎,抗炎治疗后也能完全吸收。发现病灶...[继续阅读]
1.KrasnaMJ,FlowersJL,AttarS,etal.Combinedthoracoscopic/laparoscopicstagingofesophagealcancer.JThoracCardiovascSurg,1996,111:800～8072.BeahrsOH,HensonDE,HutterRVP,KennedyBJ,editors.Manualforstagingofcancer.4thed.Philadelphia:JBLippincott;19923.KrasnaMJ,MaoY...[继续阅读]
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